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Forming Chart

Approximate Pressure in tons per linear font required to make 90 degree air bend in mild steel.
THICKNESS OF METAL WIDTH OF FEMALE DIE OPENING
GAGE DEC.   1/4   5/16   3/8   1/2   5/8   3/4   7/8 1      1  1/8 1  1/4 1  1/2 2      2  1/2 3      3  1/2 4      5      6      7      8      10      12     
20 0.036 2.60 2.20 1.60 1.20 1.00                                  
18 0.048   3.50 2.80 2.10 1.70 1.30                                
16 0.06     5.30 3.70 2.80 2.20 1.70                              
14 0.075       5.50 4.60 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.10                          
13 0.09         6.40 5.50 4.30 3.60 3.20 2.80                        
12 0.105         9.20 6.90 6.20 5.00 4.30 3.90 3.10                      
11 0.12           10.10 8.00 7.00 6.10 5.30 4.30 2.90                    
10 0.135             10.30 8.70 7.80 6.90 5.70 3.90                    
9 0.15               11.90 9.80 8.80 7.00 5.00 3.70                  
7 0.188                 16.90 13.90 11.20 8.30 6.70 4.90                
  1/4 0.25                   27.50 22.10 15.00 11.60 9.60 7.90 6.70            
  5/16 0.312                     39.20 26.50 19.30 15.00 12.50 10.40 7.70          
  3/8 0.375                       42.70 31.20 23.80 19.50 16.30 12.40 9.60        
  7/16 0.437                         45.50 35.20 28.50 24.40 17.40 15.00 11.50      
  1/2 0.5                           48.50 39.50 33.20 24.60 19.50 16.10 13.40    
  5/8 0.625                             65.50 57.90 42.80 33.10 27.30 23.30 17.00  
  3/4 0.75                               92.30 68.10 53.00 43.20 36.20 26.90 21.00
  7/8 0.875                                 103.10 79.90 63.90 52.30 39.20 31.20
1 1                                   112.10 90.40 75.50 55.70 43.70
 

Shaded figures represent ideal conditions for right angle bending; punch with radius equal to metal thickness and die opening approximately 8 times the metal
thickness.  Resulting bend has inside radius approximately equal to metal thickness.  If stock exceeds ½ inch in thickness it is good practice to increase dies opening
to a least 10 times the metal thickness.  Bending pressures required for other metals as compared to 60,000 P.S.I. tensile mild steel on chart.
   
Soft Brass
 50% of pressure listed
Soft Aluminum
 50% of pressure listed
Aluminum Alloy (Heat treated)
 Same as steel
Stainless Steel
 50% More than steel
Chrome Molybdenum
 100% more than steel
 
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